Language Planning in Higher Education Issues of Access and Equity
Abstract
Pakistan, as a multilingual country, faces numerous problems in language planning in higher education. As educational standards in higher education decline, there are concerns about student difficulties in English and a lack of required materials in Urdu.The research reported here is a nationwide survey of 2136 students 121 subject and English teachers from public and private sector colleges and universities 63 parents These participants were from all the capital cities of Pakistan and responded to the questionnaire. The survey examines .The learner's background Attitudes to languages and motivational orientation Availability and quality of materials in different mediums Learner difficulties in English Provision of English support programs Language outcomes Results indicate significant differences between private sector and public sector students in terms of socio-economic status and other variables. The study recommends that public sector students receive more state support by adopting an "English for All" policy and strengthening English programs through Revision of courses Development of materials Training of teachers This approach aims to meet the students' learning and target needs.
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